Referred to by various terms within our industry, the long peripheral intravenous catheter (long PIVC) also known as an extended peripheral intravenous catheter, extended dwell peripheral catheter, extended-length peripheral catheter, or even a mini midline, represents a specialized type of intravenous (IV) catheter surpassing the length of the standard short peripheral IV catheter (short PIVC). Its design focuses on offering prolonged access for delivering fluids, medications, and treatments to patients necessitating extended intravenous therapy. It is particularly beneficial for cases where a short PIVC falls short in cannulating the available vein effectively.
When to choose a long PIVC:
The choice between a long PIVC, midline catheter, or other vascular access devices depends on the patient’s medical condition, treatment requirements, vein health, and the healthcare provider’s judgment. The decision should always be made based on individual patient needs, considering factors such as anticipated duration of treatment, patient comfort, and the potential risks and benefits associated with each type of catheter. Always consult a healthcare professional for proper guidance and recommendations.
The Infusion Nurses Society states to choose a long PIVC catheter as follows:
- When all aspects of a short PIVC are met, but the vessel is difficult to palpate or visualize with the naked eye; ultrasound guidance/near infrared technology is recommended.
- Evaluate depth of vessel when choosing a long PIVC to ensure two-third of catheter lied within a vein.
- Choose the smallest-gauge PIVC based on vein size to complete therapy.
References
Qin, et al., (2019, September 20) Long Peripheral Catheters: Is it time to address the confusion? The Journal of Vascular Access. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31416409/
Irisneida, et al., (2018, March 20) Mini-Midline a New device for Peripheral Venous Catheterization UN Emergency Wards. Juniper Publishers. https://juniperpublishers.com/jaicm/pdf/JAICM.MS.ID.555678.pdf
Gorski LA, Hadaway L, Hagle ME, et al. Infusion therapy standards of practice. J Infus Nurs. 2021;44(suppl 1):S74-S75. Doi:10.1097/NAN.0000000000000396
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