PICC lines are a type of central line inserted into a vein in the arm and threaded to a larger vein near the heart, while other central lines are typically inserted directly into larger veins in the neck, chest, or groin. Both provide long-term intravenous access, but PICC lines are less invasive, have a lower risk of complications, and can be placed in outpatient settings. Central lines are often used in more urgent, hospital-based scenarios.
Here are the key differences between PICC lines and other type of central lines:
Placement
- PICC lines are inserted into a peripheral vein in the upper arm and threaded to end near the heart.
- Central lines (CVCs) are inserted directly into a large central vein, typically in the neck, chest, or groin.
Duration of Use
- PICC lines can stay in place for weeks to months.
- Central lines (CVCs) can be short-term or long-term, with some types able to remain in place for years.
Uses
- PICC lines are commonly used for extended antibiotic therapy, chemotherapy, and long-term IV medications.
- Central lines (CVCs) can be used for rapid fluid administration, frequent blood draws, dialysis, and administering irritating medications.
Insertion Procedure
- PICC lines are typically inserted by a nurse at the bedside.
- Central lines (CVCs) often require surgical insertion, especially for tunneled lines or implanted ports.
Complications
- PICC lines have a lower risk of serious insertion complications like pneumothorax.
- Central lines (CVCs) carry higher risks during insertion but may have lower infection rates long-term.
The choice between a PICC line and a central line depends on the specific medical needs of the patient, the expected duration of use, and the preference of the medical team.
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References
Metropolitan Vascular Institute. (2024, April 15) What’s the Difference Between a CVC and a PICC? https://teammvi.net/whats-the-difference-between-a-cvc-and-a-picc/
Lecturio Nursing. (2023, December 4) CVC vs PICC: Central Line Placement. https://www.lecturio.com/nursing/free-cheat-sheet/cvc-vs-picc-central-line-placement/
Azura Vascular Care. (2019, October 22) What’s the Difference Between a CVC and a PICC? https://www.azuravascularcare.com/infodialysisaccess/difference-between-cvc-and-picc/